Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a colourless odourless liquid which readily evaporates into a gas. Normally an odourant has been added to it to help detect leaks.
LPG (either Butane or Propane), is generally stored and distributed as a liquid and it is widely used for process and space heating, cooking and automotive propulsion. . It is classified as highly flammable and if it contains more than 0.1%Butadiene, it is also classified as a carcinogen and mutagen.
LPG is non-corrosive but can dissolve lubricants, certain plastics or synthetic rubbers.
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LPG may leak as a gas or a liquid. If the liquid leaks it will quickly evaporate and form a relatively large cloud of gas which will drop to the ground, as it is heavier than air. LPG vapours can run for long distances along the ground and can collect in drains or basements. When the gas meets a source of ignition it can burn or explode.
Cylinders can explode if involved in a fire.
LPG can cause cold burns to the skin and it can act as an asphyxiant at high concentrations.
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The regulations are framework in character. They lay down general requirements but rely for detailed guidance upon codes of practice which may be approved from time to time by the Health and Safety Authority. These regulations apply in addition to any other requirements under relevant statutory provisions.
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The regulations cover storage, loading and unloading, use of LPG and related activities, carried on in the course of any trade or business, involving more than 70kg or a total volumetric storage capacity above 160 litres. The regulations do not apply to fuel tanks of vehicles.
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The Chemicals Act (Control of Major Accident Hazards involving Dangerous Substances) Regulations 2015 apply to the storage of LPG at inventories of 50 tonnes or greater.
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Obligations are placed upon occupiers, suppliers of LPG, persons present at installations, designers of plant and persons installing plant.
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